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co cultures  (Thermo Fisher)


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    Structured Review

    Thermo Fisher co cultures
    ( A ) Comparison NL4-3 Envelope and Δ Env sequences. Dotted box indicates sequence deletion and hashed box with red cross indicates lack of translation due to frameshift and introduction of a stop codon ( B ) The percentage of all (single-cell and conjugate) GFP+CTDR+ events at 3h or <t>24h</t> <t>co-cultures</t> of uninfected SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or Δ Env IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells. ( C ) Representative imaging cytometry of single cells and conjugates present in NL4-3 IRES-eGFP and Δ Env IRES-eGFP co-cultures at 3h and 24h. ( D ) Breakdown of the distribution of single cell and conjugate GFP+CTDR+ events within the 3-hour or 24-hour co-cultures. Data from N=1 experiment that was performed in duplicate.
    Co Cultures, supplied by Thermo Fisher, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/pbs+saponin+solution/Saponin+permeating+solution%2C+0%2E5%25+w%2Fv+soln%2E+in+PBS/bio_rxiv__64898__2026__06__11__725753-66-3-20
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    co cultures - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    94/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "Cryoelectron tomography of HIV-1 cell-cell transmission conjugates reveals a secluded environment for viral assembly and transfer"

    Article Title: Cryoelectron tomography of HIV-1 cell-cell transmission conjugates reveals a secluded environment for viral assembly and transfer

    Journal: bioRxiv

    doi: 10.64898/2026.06.11.725753

    ( A ) Comparison NL4-3 Envelope and Δ Env sequences. Dotted box indicates sequence deletion and hashed box with red cross indicates lack of translation due to frameshift and introduction of a stop codon ( B ) The percentage of all (single-cell and conjugate) GFP+CTDR+ events at 3h or 24h co-cultures of uninfected SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or Δ Env IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells. ( C ) Representative imaging cytometry of single cells and conjugates present in NL4-3 IRES-eGFP and Δ Env IRES-eGFP co-cultures at 3h and 24h. ( D ) Breakdown of the distribution of single cell and conjugate GFP+CTDR+ events within the 3-hour or 24-hour co-cultures. Data from N=1 experiment that was performed in duplicate.
    Figure Legend Snippet: ( A ) Comparison NL4-3 Envelope and Δ Env sequences. Dotted box indicates sequence deletion and hashed box with red cross indicates lack of translation due to frameshift and introduction of a stop codon ( B ) The percentage of all (single-cell and conjugate) GFP+CTDR+ events at 3h or 24h co-cultures of uninfected SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or Δ Env IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells. ( C ) Representative imaging cytometry of single cells and conjugates present in NL4-3 IRES-eGFP and Δ Env IRES-eGFP co-cultures at 3h and 24h. ( D ) Breakdown of the distribution of single cell and conjugate GFP+CTDR+ events within the 3-hour or 24-hour co-cultures. Data from N=1 experiment that was performed in duplicate.

    Techniques Used: Comparison, Sequencing, Single Cell, Infection, Imaging, Cytometry

    ( A ) Representative dot plots of multicell conjugates in 3h co-cultures between target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or ΔEnv IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells. ( B ) The percentage of GFP+CTDR+ multicell conjugate events from initial 0-hour or 3-hour co-cultures. ( C ) Representative dot plots of single cells in 24-hour co-cultures of target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or ΔEnv IRES-eGFP+ infected SupT1 R5 cells ( D ) The percentage of GFP+CTDR+ single cell events from initial 0-hour or 24-hour co-cultures. Distinct shapes in B and D each represent distinct biological replicates (N = 3) and each individual shape a technical replicate. (E-H) Same as A-D but with co-culture of infected GFP+ primary CD4+ T lymphocytes and target CTDR+ primary CD4+ T lymphocytes. Shapes in F and H represent distinct primary cell donors (N = 4). All values are normalized to initial GFP+ infection levels prior to co-culture. Values below x-axis indicate the mean and standard deviation for each category. Black bar represents the mean and the gray box represents ±1 standard deviation. P-values calculated using either two-tailed unpaired t- test ( B and D ) or two-tailed paired t- test ( F and H ).
    Figure Legend Snippet: ( A ) Representative dot plots of multicell conjugates in 3h co-cultures between target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or ΔEnv IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells. ( B ) The percentage of GFP+CTDR+ multicell conjugate events from initial 0-hour or 3-hour co-cultures. ( C ) Representative dot plots of single cells in 24-hour co-cultures of target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or ΔEnv IRES-eGFP+ infected SupT1 R5 cells ( D ) The percentage of GFP+CTDR+ single cell events from initial 0-hour or 24-hour co-cultures. Distinct shapes in B and D each represent distinct biological replicates (N = 3) and each individual shape a technical replicate. (E-H) Same as A-D but with co-culture of infected GFP+ primary CD4+ T lymphocytes and target CTDR+ primary CD4+ T lymphocytes. Shapes in F and H represent distinct primary cell donors (N = 4). All values are normalized to initial GFP+ infection levels prior to co-culture. Values below x-axis indicate the mean and standard deviation for each category. Black bar represents the mean and the gray box represents ±1 standard deviation. P-values calculated using either two-tailed unpaired t- test ( B and D ) or two-tailed paired t- test ( F and H ).

    Techniques Used: Infection, Single Cell, Co-Culture Assay, Standard Deviation, Two Tailed Test

    ( A , D ) Quantification of GFP+CTDR+ multicell conjugates events in 3-hour co-cultures of target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 and NL4-3 IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells treated with varying concentrations of soluble CD4 (sCD4, A ) or anti-CD4 (SIM.2, D ). ( B and E ) Quantification of GFP+CTDR+ single cells in 24-hour co-cultures treated with varying concentrations of sCD4 ( B ) or SIM.2 ( E ). ( C and F ) Quantification of GFP+ SupT1 R5 after cell-free NL4-3 IRES-eGFP virus infection treated with varying concentrations of sCD4 ( C ) or SIM.2 ( F ). Data are derived from distinct biological replicates (N = 2), where colors represent distinct biological and each dot a technical replicate. All values are normalized to untreated controls and initial GFP+ infection levels prior to co-culture (if applicable). Values below x-axis indicate the mean and standard deviation for each category. Black bar represents the mean and the gray box represents ±1 standard deviation. P-values calculated using one-way ANOVA with a Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons.
    Figure Legend Snippet: ( A , D ) Quantification of GFP+CTDR+ multicell conjugates events in 3-hour co-cultures of target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 and NL4-3 IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells treated with varying concentrations of soluble CD4 (sCD4, A ) or anti-CD4 (SIM.2, D ). ( B and E ) Quantification of GFP+CTDR+ single cells in 24-hour co-cultures treated with varying concentrations of sCD4 ( B ) or SIM.2 ( E ). ( C and F ) Quantification of GFP+ SupT1 R5 after cell-free NL4-3 IRES-eGFP virus infection treated with varying concentrations of sCD4 ( C ) or SIM.2 ( F ). Data are derived from distinct biological replicates (N = 2), where colors represent distinct biological and each dot a technical replicate. All values are normalized to untreated controls and initial GFP+ infection levels prior to co-culture (if applicable). Values below x-axis indicate the mean and standard deviation for each category. Black bar represents the mean and the gray box represents ±1 standard deviation. P-values calculated using one-way ANOVA with a Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons.

    Techniques Used: Infection, Virus, Derivative Assay, Co-Culture Assay, Standard Deviation

    Related Articles

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    Article Title: Direct targeting of host microtubule and actin cytoskeletons by a chlamydial pathogenic effector protein.
    Article Snippet: To propagate within a eukaryotic cell, pathogenic bacteria hijack and remodulate host cell functions.. The Gram-negative obligate intracellular Chlamydiaceae, which pose a serious threat to human and animal health, attach to host cells and inject effector proteins that reprogram host cell machineries.. Members of the conserved chlamydial TarP family have been characterized as major early effectors that bind to and remodel the host actin cytoskeleton.We now describe a new function for theChlamydia pneumoniae TarPmember CPn0572, namely the ability to bind and alter the microtubule cytoskeleton.

    Staining:

    Article Title: A Novel Virus Carrier State to Evaluate Immunotherapeutic Regimens: Regulatory T Cells Modulate the Pathogenicity of Anti-viral Memory Cells
    Article Snippet: .. Cells were then washed twice with a PBS-saponin solution and stained with anti-FoxP3-FITC (eBioscience). .. Cells were acquired using a digital flow cytometer (Digital LSR II; Becton Dickinson) and flow cytometric data were analyzed with FlowJo software (Tree Star Incorporated).

    Article Title: Direct targeting of host microtubule and actin cytoskeletons by a chlamydial pathogenic effector protein
    Article Snippet: For permeabilization, 2% saponin (Merck KGaA, Germany) in PBS was used for 20 min at RT. .. Staining of MTs was performed with anti-α-tubulin antibody (Origene Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA; #BM753S; 1:150), acetylated MTs with anti-acetylated-α-tubulin antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific; #32-2700; 1:100), vinculin with anti-vinculin antibody (Merck KGaA; #V9264; 1:100) and actin with Rhodamine–phalloidin as recommended by manufacturer (Thermo Fisher Scientific; #R415; 0.5 μl of 400× stock solution in 200 μl of PBS-Saponin solution for each coverslip), all detected with fluorescently conjugated secondary antibodies (Thermo Fisher Scientific). .. To visualize DNA DAPI (Merck KGaA; 1:500) was used.

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Clathrin-independent endocytosis and retrograde transport in cancer cells promote cytotoxic CD8 T cell activation
    Article Snippet: .. Then, cells were successively incubated with primary and secondary antibodies in the same PBS-saponin solution for 30 min and mounted with Fluoromount G (Invitrogen). .. Images were taken with Zeiss LSM900 microscope equipped with an Airyscan detector and a Plan Apo 63× numerical aperture (NA) 1.4 oil immersion objective.

    Article Title: Clathrin-independent endocytosis and retrograde transport in cancer cells tune immune synapse organization and CD8 T cell response
    Article Snippet: .. Then, cells were successively incubated with primary and secondary antibodies in the same PBS-saponin solution for 30 min and mounted with Fluoromount G (Invitrogen). .. Images were taken with LSM900 microscope (Carl Zeiss) equipped with an Airyscan detector and a Plan Apo 63× numerical aperture (NA) 1.4 oil immersion objective.



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    Image Search Results


    ( A ) Comparison NL4-3 Envelope and Δ Env sequences. Dotted box indicates sequence deletion and hashed box with red cross indicates lack of translation due to frameshift and introduction of a stop codon ( B ) The percentage of all (single-cell and conjugate) GFP+CTDR+ events at 3h or 24h co-cultures of uninfected SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or Δ Env IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells. ( C ) Representative imaging cytometry of single cells and conjugates present in NL4-3 IRES-eGFP and Δ Env IRES-eGFP co-cultures at 3h and 24h. ( D ) Breakdown of the distribution of single cell and conjugate GFP+CTDR+ events within the 3-hour or 24-hour co-cultures. Data from N=1 experiment that was performed in duplicate.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Cryoelectron tomography of HIV-1 cell-cell transmission conjugates reveals a secluded environment for viral assembly and transfer

    doi: 10.64898/2026.06.11.725753

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Comparison NL4-3 Envelope and Δ Env sequences. Dotted box indicates sequence deletion and hashed box with red cross indicates lack of translation due to frameshift and introduction of a stop codon ( B ) The percentage of all (single-cell and conjugate) GFP+CTDR+ events at 3h or 24h co-cultures of uninfected SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or Δ Env IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells. ( C ) Representative imaging cytometry of single cells and conjugates present in NL4-3 IRES-eGFP and Δ Env IRES-eGFP co-cultures at 3h and 24h. ( D ) Breakdown of the distribution of single cell and conjugate GFP+CTDR+ events within the 3-hour or 24-hour co-cultures. Data from N=1 experiment that was performed in duplicate.

    Article Snippet: After 3 hours, co-cultures were fixed with 4% PFA for 30 minutes at room temperature and permeabilized with saponin 0.1% (ThermoFisher, #J63209.AK) for 10 minutes, followed by a blocking step with 2% normal goat serum and 1% BSA for 15 minutes.

    Techniques: Comparison, Sequencing, Single Cell, Infection, Imaging, Cytometry

    ( A ) Representative dot plots of multicell conjugates in 3h co-cultures between target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or ΔEnv IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells. ( B ) The percentage of GFP+CTDR+ multicell conjugate events from initial 0-hour or 3-hour co-cultures. ( C ) Representative dot plots of single cells in 24-hour co-cultures of target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or ΔEnv IRES-eGFP+ infected SupT1 R5 cells ( D ) The percentage of GFP+CTDR+ single cell events from initial 0-hour or 24-hour co-cultures. Distinct shapes in B and D each represent distinct biological replicates (N = 3) and each individual shape a technical replicate. (E-H) Same as A-D but with co-culture of infected GFP+ primary CD4+ T lymphocytes and target CTDR+ primary CD4+ T lymphocytes. Shapes in F and H represent distinct primary cell donors (N = 4). All values are normalized to initial GFP+ infection levels prior to co-culture. Values below x-axis indicate the mean and standard deviation for each category. Black bar represents the mean and the gray box represents ±1 standard deviation. P-values calculated using either two-tailed unpaired t- test ( B and D ) or two-tailed paired t- test ( F and H ).

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Cryoelectron tomography of HIV-1 cell-cell transmission conjugates reveals a secluded environment for viral assembly and transfer

    doi: 10.64898/2026.06.11.725753

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Representative dot plots of multicell conjugates in 3h co-cultures between target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or ΔEnv IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells. ( B ) The percentage of GFP+CTDR+ multicell conjugate events from initial 0-hour or 3-hour co-cultures. ( C ) Representative dot plots of single cells in 24-hour co-cultures of target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 cells mixed with either NL4-3 IRES-eGFP or ΔEnv IRES-eGFP+ infected SupT1 R5 cells ( D ) The percentage of GFP+CTDR+ single cell events from initial 0-hour or 24-hour co-cultures. Distinct shapes in B and D each represent distinct biological replicates (N = 3) and each individual shape a technical replicate. (E-H) Same as A-D but with co-culture of infected GFP+ primary CD4+ T lymphocytes and target CTDR+ primary CD4+ T lymphocytes. Shapes in F and H represent distinct primary cell donors (N = 4). All values are normalized to initial GFP+ infection levels prior to co-culture. Values below x-axis indicate the mean and standard deviation for each category. Black bar represents the mean and the gray box represents ±1 standard deviation. P-values calculated using either two-tailed unpaired t- test ( B and D ) or two-tailed paired t- test ( F and H ).

    Article Snippet: After 3 hours, co-cultures were fixed with 4% PFA for 30 minutes at room temperature and permeabilized with saponin 0.1% (ThermoFisher, #J63209.AK) for 10 minutes, followed by a blocking step with 2% normal goat serum and 1% BSA for 15 minutes.

    Techniques: Infection, Single Cell, Co-Culture Assay, Standard Deviation, Two Tailed Test

    ( A , D ) Quantification of GFP+CTDR+ multicell conjugates events in 3-hour co-cultures of target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 and NL4-3 IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells treated with varying concentrations of soluble CD4 (sCD4, A ) or anti-CD4 (SIM.2, D ). ( B and E ) Quantification of GFP+CTDR+ single cells in 24-hour co-cultures treated with varying concentrations of sCD4 ( B ) or SIM.2 ( E ). ( C and F ) Quantification of GFP+ SupT1 R5 after cell-free NL4-3 IRES-eGFP virus infection treated with varying concentrations of sCD4 ( C ) or SIM.2 ( F ). Data are derived from distinct biological replicates (N = 2), where colors represent distinct biological and each dot a technical replicate. All values are normalized to untreated controls and initial GFP+ infection levels prior to co-culture (if applicable). Values below x-axis indicate the mean and standard deviation for each category. Black bar represents the mean and the gray box represents ±1 standard deviation. P-values calculated using one-way ANOVA with a Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Cryoelectron tomography of HIV-1 cell-cell transmission conjugates reveals a secluded environment for viral assembly and transfer

    doi: 10.64898/2026.06.11.725753

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A , D ) Quantification of GFP+CTDR+ multicell conjugates events in 3-hour co-cultures of target CTDR+ SupT1 R5 and NL4-3 IRES-eGFP infected SupT1 R5 cells treated with varying concentrations of soluble CD4 (sCD4, A ) or anti-CD4 (SIM.2, D ). ( B and E ) Quantification of GFP+CTDR+ single cells in 24-hour co-cultures treated with varying concentrations of sCD4 ( B ) or SIM.2 ( E ). ( C and F ) Quantification of GFP+ SupT1 R5 after cell-free NL4-3 IRES-eGFP virus infection treated with varying concentrations of sCD4 ( C ) or SIM.2 ( F ). Data are derived from distinct biological replicates (N = 2), where colors represent distinct biological and each dot a technical replicate. All values are normalized to untreated controls and initial GFP+ infection levels prior to co-culture (if applicable). Values below x-axis indicate the mean and standard deviation for each category. Black bar represents the mean and the gray box represents ±1 standard deviation. P-values calculated using one-way ANOVA with a Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons.

    Article Snippet: After 3 hours, co-cultures were fixed with 4% PFA for 30 minutes at room temperature and permeabilized with saponin 0.1% (ThermoFisher, #J63209.AK) for 10 minutes, followed by a blocking step with 2% normal goat serum and 1% BSA for 15 minutes.

    Techniques: Infection, Virus, Derivative Assay, Co-Culture Assay, Standard Deviation